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Lifecycle Carbon Analysis

Well-to-Wheel Emissions

A well-to-wheel analysis compares the total greenhouse gas emissions from energy source extraction through vehicle operation. An average gasoline car emits 400 grams of CO2 per mile including upstream refining and distribution. An average EV on the US national grid mix (0.39 kg CO2/kWh in 2024) emits approximately 130 grams per mile—a 68 percent reduction. On a coal-heavy grid like West Virginia (0.9 kg CO2/kWh), the EV emits 290 g/mile—still 28 percent lower than gasoline. On a clean grid like Washington State (0.08 kg CO2/kWh), the EV emits only 26 g/mile—a 94 percent reduction. The grid is getting cleaner every year, meaning the EV's emissions advantage grows over its lifetime.

Lifecycle Carbon Analysis

Well-to-Wheel Emissions

A well-to-wheel analysis compares the total greenhouse gas emissions from energy source extraction through vehicle operation. An average gasoline car emits 400 grams of CO2 per mile including upstream refining and distribution. An average EV on the US national grid mix (0.39 kg CO2/kWh in 2024) emits approximately 130 grams per mile—a 68 percent reduction. On a coal-heavy grid like West Virginia (0.9 kg CO2/kWh), the EV emits 290 g/mile—still 28 percent lower than gasoline. On a clean grid like Washington State (0.08 kg CO2/kWh), the EV emits only 26 g/mile—a 94 percent reduction. The grid is getting cleaner every year, meaning the EV's emissions advantage grows over its lifetime.