Qualification as an Expert
Before testifying about forensic findings, a witness must be qualified as an expert by the court. The attorney conducting direct examination asks about the witness's education (degree, institution, relevant coursework), training (forensic science training programs, workshops, continuing education), experience (years of practice, number of cases, types of examinations), certifications (board certifications like ABC-GKE, ABFT, or EnCE), publications and presentations (peer-reviewed papers, conference talks), and professional memberships (AAFS, SWGIT, IAI). The opposing attorney may conduct a voir dire—a mini cross-examination challenging qualifications. Once accepted as an expert, the witness can offer opinions within their area of expertise, unlike lay witnesses who can only testify to observed facts. The expert's credibility depends on demonstrating both deep knowledge and objective impartiality.