Why Far Things Look Small
Have you ever noticed that when you look down a long road, the trees at the end look tiny, even though they are really just as big as the trees near you? This is one of the most important concepts in art: things look smaller the farther away they are!
Hold up your thumb and look at something far away behind it. Your thumb looks bigger than a whole building! That is because your thumb is close to your eyes and the building is far away.
This is called perspective, and artists use it to make flat drawings look like they have depth, almost like you could walk right into the picture!
Here is the rule: things that are close should be drawn BIG. Things that are far away should be drawn SMALL. The same tree drawn big in the front and small in the back instantly makes your picture look like it stretches into the distance.