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SPQR: The Senate and People of Rome
Rome began as a republic, where citizens chose their leaders. The letters SPQR stood for 'Senatus Populusque Romanus,' meaning 'The Senate and People of Rome.' The Senate was a group of about 300 important men who made laws and decisions. They met in a grand building called the Curia and debated important issues like taxes, wars, and building projects.