Federal Laws Protecting Your Child
Two federal laws protect children with disabilities in schools. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) guarantees a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) to every child with a qualifying disability, providing specialized instruction and related services through an Individualized Education Program (IEP). Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act prohibits disability discrimination and provides accommodations (extra time, preferential seating, modified assignments) through a 504 Plan. IDEA requires the school to provide services that enable educational benefit; Section 504 requires equal access. A child with ADHD who needs a quiet testing room might qualify for a 504 Plan; a child with autism who needs specialized social skills instruction likely qualifies for an IEP with more comprehensive services.