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The Moon Changes Shape Night by Night · The Moon looks like different shapes on different nights in a repeating pattern. · 1-ESS1-1

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The Moon Changes Shape Night by Night

with Lumi

Lumi the night sky guide floats in a soft blue night sky, pointing happily at a row of moons that grow from a thin curve to a big round circle and back again to a thin curve.

Name three Moon shapes: thin sliver, half, and full round.
Describe that the Moon looks different on different nights.
Order Moon pictures from a thin sliver all the way to full and back to thin again.
Predict that the Moon shapes repeat again and again in the same order.

Key terms

phase: One of the changing shapes the lit-up Moon shows us on different nights.
sliver: A thin curved shape of the Moon, like a small smile in the sky.
full Moon: The big round shape we see when the whole lit-up side faces Earth.
repeating pattern: A set of shapes that happens again and again in the same order.
lit-up side: The half of the Moon that the Sun is shining on at any time.

Why the Moon Seems to Change

The Moon never truly changes its shape; it stays a round ball all the time. The Sun lights up only one side of it, just like a lamp shining on a ball lights up only the side facing the lamp. As the Moon travels around Earth, we see different amounts of that bright side. Some nights we see just a thin slice, and other nights we see the whole round lit-up face.

A Pattern You Can Count On

The Moon's shapes follow a steady, repeating pattern. The lit part slowly grows from a thin sliver, to a half Moon, to a full round Moon. Then it slowly shrinks back, from full, to half, to sliver again. This whole cycle takes about a month and then begins all over. Because it repeats, you can even predict what shape might come next.

Worked examples

Predict the shape that comes after a full Moon.

Recall the pattern grows sliver, half, full, then shrinks back.
After full, the lit-up part starts to shrink.
The next shape is a half Moon, then later a sliver.

Answer: After a full Moon, the lit-up part shrinks to a half Moon, then a sliver.

Decide if the Moon really changes its shape.

Remember the Moon is always a round ball.
The Sun lights only one side, and we see different amounts of it.
So the Moon only looks like it changes; its real shape stays the same.

Answer: No — the Moon stays round; we just see different amounts of its lit-up side.

Hi friend! I am Lumi, your night sky guide. Look up at the night sky — the Moon is there! But wait. The Moon does not always look the same! Some nights it is a thin curve, like a smile. We call this a sliver. Some nights it looks like half a cookie. That is a half Moon. Some nights it is a big round ball. That is a full Moon. Here is the cool part: the Moon itself does not really change shape. The Sun is always lighting up one side of it. As the Moon travels around the Earth, we see more or less of that lit-up side. So some nights the lit-up part looks tiny, and other nights it looks big and round! Little by little, the lit-up part grows bigger — sliver, half, full. Then little by little, it shrinks back — full, half, sliver. Then it starts all over again. That is a repeating pattern! If you are not sure which shape comes next, remember the rhyme: thin, half, full, half, thin — then begin again! Look for the Moon tonight. What shape do you see? Tell a grown-up. You are a Moon watcher now!

Activity

Put the Moon pictures in order from a thin sliver, all the way to full, and back to a thin sliver again.

Practice

Look at the Moon tonight and name which shape you can see.

Put these shapes in order: full Moon, sliver, and half Moon.

Common mistakes to avoid

The Moon really grows and shrinks.The Moon stays the same round ball; we only see different amounts of its lit side.
The Moon moves closer to look bigger.The shapes change because of which lit-up side we see, not from getting nearer.

Check your understanding

Does the Moon look the same shape every single night?

Which one is a full Moon?

Why does the Moon look like a different shape on a new night?

After a full Moon, what shape will you see next as the nights go on?

Recap

The Moon looks like different shapes on different nights, from a thin sliver to a half Moon to a full round Moon and back again. It never really changes shape; the Sun lights one side, and as the Moon orbits Earth we see more or less of that lit-up side in a repeating monthly pattern.

Reflect

Which Moon shape is your favorite to spot in the night sky, and why?