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Day and Night: Our Spinning Earth · Earth rotates on its axis once a day, causing the apparent rising and setting of the Sun and the cycle of day and night. · 5-ESS1-2

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Day and Night: Our Spinning Earth

with Lumi

Lumi floats beside a slowly spinning blue-and-green Earth globe, shining a bright yellow flashlight Sun onto one curved side while the other side rests in soft shadow.

Explain that Earth spins once on its axis about every 24 hours.
Describe how the spinning Earth, not a moving Sun, causes day and night.
Identify that the side of Earth facing the Sun has day and the side facing away has night.
Predict whether a location on Earth is at sunrise, noon, sunset, or night based on its position relative to the Sun.

Key terms

Axis: The invisible line Earth spins around.
Rotation: The spinning of Earth around once.
Day: The bright side facing the Sun.
Night: The dark side turned away from the Sun.

Earth Is Spinning

Earth is like a big ball that turns around and around in space. It spins all the way around one time about every 24 hours. That is one whole day. The line it spins around is called the axis, like the stick in a spinning top. Earth never stops turning, even while you sleep.

Light Side And Dark Side

The Sun can only shine on one side of a ball at a time. The side of Earth facing the Sun is sunny, so it has day. The side turned away is in shadow, so it has night. As Earth spins, your town moves into the light and then back out, again and again, every single day.

Worked examples

It is morning in your town. What is happening?

Earth is spinning your town toward the Sun.
Your town is just turning into the sunlight.

Answer: Your town is having sunrise as it turns to face the Sun.

Hi explorer, I'm Lumi! Let's solve a big puzzle: why does the Sun seem to rise in the morning and set at night? Here is the surprising answer. The Sun does not fly around Earth each day. It is OUR Earth that is moving! Earth is like a giant ball spinning slowly in space. It turns all the way around one time about every 24 hours, which is one whole day. Think of the line that Earth spins around as an invisible stick poking through the top and bottom, like the stick in a spinning top. We call that the axis. Earth turns around its axis without ever stopping. Now imagine a flashlight is the Sun. Only one side of a ball can be lit at a time. The side of Earth facing the Sun has daytime, with bright light. The side turned away from the Sun is in shadow, so it has nighttime. As Earth keeps spinning, your town slowly turns toward the Sun — that is sunrise. When your town faces the Sun most directly, it is noon. Then your town turns away — that is sunset. Finally your town faces fully away from the Sun, and it is night. So the Sun seems to move, but really WE are the ones turning! If this feels tricky, try the spinning globe activity next. It makes the idea click.

Activity

Drag these four picture cards into the order they happen as a town spins around toward and past the Sun

Practice

Tell what makes day turn into night on Earth.

Name the invisible line that Earth spins around.

Common mistakes to avoid

The Sun flies around EarthEarth spins on its axis, so the Sun only seems to move.

Check your understanding

What actually causes day and night on Earth?

Why does the Sun seem to move across the sky during the day?

On the side of Earth that is facing the Sun, what time of day is it?

Look at this globe: Town A is on the edge just starting to turn toward the Sun, and Town B is on the back fully away from the Sun. What is happening at each town?

Recap

Earth spins around its axis one time about every 24 hours. The side facing the Sun has day, and the side turned away has night.

Reflect

When is it night on the other side of Earth?