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Everything Is Made of Tiny Particles · All matter is made of particles too small to see, and there is empty space between them · NGSS 5-PS1-1

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Everything Is Made of Tiny Particles

with Atlas

Atlas the friendly explorer stands beside a clear glass of water, holding a giant magnifying glass that reveals glowing dots with gaps between them.

Explain that all matter is made of particles far too small for our eyes to see.
Describe that there is empty space between the tiny particles.
Identify examples of matter, such as water, air, and rock, as made of particles.
Compare how close the particles are in air, water, and a rock.

Key terms

Matter: Anything that takes up space, like water, air, and you.
Particle: A tiny piece of matter too small to see.
Empty space: The gaps that sit between the tiny particles.
Microscope: A tool that makes very small things look bigger.

Tiny Building Blocks

Everything you can touch is made of particles. Particles are little pieces far too small for your eyes to see, even with a strong microscope. Your shoe, your water, and the air are all built from these tiny pieces. They are real, even when they hide from us. When lots of particles join together, they make the big things we can see and hold every day.

Gaps in Between

Particles are not glued into one solid block. There are little empty spaces between them, just like marbles spread out in a jar with gaps. In air the particles spread far apart with lots of space. In water they sit closer with smaller gaps. In a rock they pack very close, but tiny gaps still stay between them, so even hard rock has hidden spaces inside.

Worked examples

Order air, water, and rock by space.

Air particles are spread far apart, so air has the most empty space.
Water particles sit closer, so water has less space than air.
Rock particles pack tightly, so rock has the least space.

Answer: Air has the most space, then water, then rock has the least.

Hi explorer, I'm Atlas! Let's look closely at the world. Everything around you is called matter, and matter is anything that takes up space, like water, air, your shoe, and even you. Here is the big secret: every bit of matter is built from teeny-tiny pieces called particles. They are so small that no eye can see one, not even with a powerful microscope. They are way smaller than a grain of sand or a speck of dust. Now the surprising part. The particles are not packed perfectly tight like a solid wall. Between them is empty space, like marbles spread out in a jar with gaps in between. The particles are still there even when you cannot see them. In air, the particles are spread far apart with lots of empty space between them. In water they are closer together with smaller gaps, and in a rock they are very close, but tiny gaps are still there too. A safety note from me: we learn about particles by careful thinking and gentle observing, not by tasting or breaking things. If you ever feel stuck, look again at the marbles-in-a-jar picture: every thing is made of particles, and there is space between them. Ask a grown-up and watch together. Ready? In our activity you will put air, water, and a rock in order by how close their particles are!

Activity

Put these three kinds of matter in order from the most empty space between particles to the least.

Practice

Name two things made of tiny particles too small to see.

What sits in the gaps between the tiny particles in matter?

Common mistakes to avoid

If I cannot see it, it is not there.Particles are real but far too tiny for our eyes to ever see.
Solid rock has no empty space inside it.Even a hard rock has tiny gaps between its packed particles.

Check your understanding

What is everything around us made of?

What is found between the tiny particles in matter?

A friend says, 'If I can't see particles, then they are not really there.' Why is this wrong?

Which has the most empty space between its particles?

Recap

Everything around you is matter, and all matter is made of tiny particles too small to see. Between those particles is empty space, with the most space in air and the least in a rock.

Reflect

Where do you think there is the most empty space?