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Thinking Through Right and Wrong · ethical decision-making · consequences · reasons for choices

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Thinking Through Right and Wrong

with Sage

Sage the wise owl sits on a sunny library windowsill, holding a small balance scale with two colored cards on each side, tilting their head thoughtfully at a tricky decision.

Define a choice as a moment when you could do more than one thing
Identify the likely consequence of each option in a simple situation
Explain why a reason is strong or weak based on fairness and kindness
Compare two options and select the fairer action with a supporting reason

Key terms

Choice: A moment when you could do more than one thing.
Consequence: What happens next because of what you do.
Reason: The why behind a choice you make.
Strong reason: A reason that is fair, kind, and honest.

Weighing The Consequences

Before you choose, picture what will happen next. Ask who might be helped and who might be hunt or hurt. If you share your toy, your friend feels happy. If you grab it away, your friend feels sad. Thinking about consequences first helps you pick the kind thing before you act, not after you wish you had.

Checking Your Reasons

Every choice has a reason, but not all reasons are equally good. A strong reason is fair and kind to everyone, like "because we should take turns." A weak reason only helps you and may hurt someone else, like "because I want to be first." When your reason and your consequence are both kind, you are choosing well.

Worked examples

Decide who gets the last cookie.

Name the choices: take it all yourself, or split it with your friend.
Weigh each one — splitting helps both of you, and the reason "sharing is fair" is kind.

Answer: Splitting the cookie is the right choice, because the consequence is good for both of you and the reason is fair and kind.

Hello, thinker! I am Sage, and I love careful thinking. A choice is any moment when you could do more than one thing. To pick well, we look at two things together. First, we weigh the consequences. A consequence is what happens next because of what you do. Some consequences help people, and some hurt or upset them. So we ask, "If I do this, what will happen? Who might be helped, and who might be hurt?" Second, we look at our reasons. A reason answers "why?" A strong reason is fair, kind, and honest. "Because it makes me laugh" is a weak reason if it hurts someone else. "Because it is fair to share" is a strong reason. When the consequences are good for others and the reason is fair and kind, that can point toward the right thing to do. Choices are not always easy, and sometimes we are not sure — that is okay. If you ever feel stuck, slow down, name the choices, and weigh them one at a time. Thinking it through is always your next step.

Activity

Sort each card into the basket where it belongs: Consequence or Reason

Practice

Name a choice you made today and its consequence.

Tell one strong reason and one weak reason for sharing.

Common mistakes to avoid

A choice is okay if nobody is watching.A choice is right or wrong by who it helps or hurts, not by who sees you.

Check your understanding

Your friend drops their snack and looks sad. What is a consequence of choosing to share some of yours?

Which of these is the strongest reason for a choice?

Two classmates both want the last turn on a game. What is the right way to decide?

Why might 'it was funny to me' be a weak reason for hiding a classmate's pencil?

Recap

To choose right from wrong, we weigh the consequences and check our reasons. Good consequences help people, and strong reasons are fair and kind. When both line up, we are choosing well.

Reflect

When was a time you slowed down and thought before choosing?