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Telling Hot Things from Cold Things · Light, Sound, and Heat · temperature · hot and cold

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Telling Hot Things from Cold Things

with Atlas

Atlas stands in a sunny kitchen, holding a warm mug of cocoa in one hand and a cold ice cube in the other, looking curious and delighted as steam rises from the mug and the ice cube drips.

Identify whether an object is hot or cold by observing clues like steam, frost, or melting.
Compare two objects and say which one is hotter or colder.
Sort everyday objects into a Hot group and a Cold group.
Say what temperature means in your own words.

Key terms

temperature: how hot or cold something is
hot: having a high temperature that feels warm
cold: having a low temperature that feels chilly
steam: the misty cloud that rises off hot water
frost: the thin white ice that forms on cold things

Clues That Something Is Hot

You can often tell a thing is hot without touching it. Look for steam rising from a mug or a bowl, the shimmer of heat above a sunny sidewalk, or food that is bubbling on the stove. These clues mean the object has a high temperature. Scientists use their eyes and thinking first, and they stay safe instead of grabbing hot things.

Clues That Something Is Cold

Cold things give clues too. You might see frost on the outside of a glass, ice cubes floating in a drink, or a popsicle that is dripping as it melts. A cool breeze coming off the freezer is another clue. These signs tell you the object has a low temperature, so it would feel chilly if you held it.

Worked examples

Atlas sees a mug with steam rising and an ice cream cone that is dripping. Which one is hotter?

Look at the mug: steam rising means it is giving off heat, so it is hot.
Look at the ice cream: dripping and melting means it is cold and frozen.
Compare the two — the steaming mug has the higher temperature.

Answer: The steaming mug is hotter than the dripping ice cream.

Hi! I am Atlas. Let me tell you something cool — and something hot too! Some things are hot. A bowl of soup is hot. A sunny sidewalk on a summer day is hot. Hot things feel warm when you get close to them, and you might see steam rising from them. Some things are cold. Ice cream is cold. A glass of water with ice cubes is cold. Cold things feel chilly when you get near them, and you might see frost or feel a cool breeze from them. We call how hot or cold something is its temperature. Hot things have a high temperature. Cold things have a low temperature. Safety rule: Never touch something that might be hot. Always ask a grown-up first! Hint: To figure out if something is hot or cold, look for clues — does it have steam? Is it frozen? Is it covered in frost? Use your eyes and your thinking, not your bare hands!

Activity

Sort each object into the Hot group or the Cold group.

Practice

Name one hot thing and one cold thing you saw today.

Which has a higher temperature, hot soup or an ice cube?

Common mistakes to avoid

Snow looks bright so it must be warm.Snow is frozen water and is always very cold, even though it is bright white.
Bigger things are always hotter than smaller things.Size does not decide temperature — a small candle flame is hotter than a big cool room.

Check your understanding

You see a snowball on the ground. Is it hot or cold?

Atlas has a mug of hot soup and a cold juice box. Which one has a higher temperature?

Which of these belongs in the COLD group?

Recap

Temperature tells us how hot or cold something is. Hot things have a high temperature and may give off steam, while cold things have a low temperature and may have frost. You can use clues to tell them apart safely without touching.

Reflect

How can you tell something is hot before you touch it?